Thailand rejected ICJ jurisdiction, insisting on bilateral talks via the Joint Boundary Commission (JBC). While discussions in Phnom Penh on June 14–15 made limited progress, Cambodia refused to include the disputed areas in the JBC framework, citing the need for international arbitration.

The dispute, tied to an 820-km undemarcated border, has a violent past, including 2008–2011 clashes over Preah Vihear. Recent tensions saw Cambodia closing border gates and rerouting internet traffic, while Thailand restricted crossings. Both sides have since pulled troops back to 2024 positions.

Experts doubt a quick resolution amid mutual distrust. Cambodia’s ICJ filing may be a strategic move, but Thailand’s refusal to recognize the court complicates hopes for a binding outcome.

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